A Defect in Nurturing in Mice Lacking the Immediate Early Gene FosB Ess

Background to the Project In early 1995, an M.D-Ph.D student, Jennifer Brown, was breeding mice with an inactivated form of the gene FosB. With the inactivation of the gene, healthy pups from the mutated mice died quickly. Observing this occurrance, Brown found that the mother mice ignored her offspring. From this discovery, Brown proposed that the inactivation of the immediate early gene FosB causes a defect in the nurturing behaviors of female mice. To prove this, Brown bred a series of knockout mice with the inactivated FosB gene. She then observed the nurturing behaviors of the knockout mice and compared them to those of the normal mice. The Test Results FosB Mutant Development and Abnormalities: FosB mutant homozygous females were born and developed as any normal mouse, but were ten percent smaller than wild type mice. When the fosB homozygous females were mated with fosB homozygous mutant males, the resulting pregnancies were normal and carried to term. However, twenty-four to fourty-eight hours after delivery, the mortality rate of the pups was in excess of fifty percent. The high occurrance of lethality could be attributed to either the mutant mothers, the mutant pups, or both. To isolate the cause of the high mutant pup mortality rate, heterozygous males were mated with homozygous females and vice versa. As a result, it was found that the number of surviving pups in any given pregnancy relied primarily upon the genotype of the mother, and was independent of father or pup genotype. This supports the idea that the survival relies heavily on the nurturing ability of the fosB mothers. Physical Trait Analysis: To isolate the defect in the mother that contributed to the death of her pups, a physical trait ana... ...aper think that this is involved with the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is located in the brain stem. The gene mutation did not effect any other functions of the mice. This indicates that FosB is exclusive to nurturing behavior. The discovery of the functions of the FosB gene in mice could lead to similar discoveries for the human genome. Ethical ramifications of such discoveries are a hot topic in current scientific society. What questions might be raised by such a discovery? If this gene does exist in humans, should people with mutated alleles not be allowed to raise their children? Should it be corrected in some way by science? Is having a mutated gene an excuse for child abuse? Is it a defense in court? The answers to these questions are not clearly defined, but there are several sources of information for the public to access before making up their minds.

Pythagoras Theorem and Financial polynomials Essay

Pythagoras Theorem and Financial polynomials Introduction                   Ahmed and Vanessa have interest in locating a treasure, which is buried. It is my responsibility to help the two locate it. First, I will help them locate it by the use of Pythagorean quadratic. As per Ahmed’s half, the treasure is buried in the desert (2x + 6) paces form the Castle Rock while as per Vanessa’s half she has to walk (x) paces to the north then walk (2x + 4) paces to the east. According to the Pythagorean theorem, every right angled triangle with length (a) and (b) as well as a hypotenuse (c), has a relationship of (a2 + b2 = c2) (Larson & Hostetler, 2009).                   In Ahmed and Vanessa’s case, I will let a=x, b =2x+4 and then c=2x+6. To follow, will be my efforts to put the measurements above into the real Pythagoras theorem equation as follows: X2+ (2x+4)2=(2x+6)2 this is the equation formed out of the Pythagoras Theorem X2+4Ãâ€"2+16x+16 = 4Ãâ€"2+ 24x+36 are the binomials squared x2 & 4Ãâ€"2 on both sides can be subtracted out. X2+16x+16 = 24x +36 subtract 16x from both sides X2+16 = 8x+36 now subtract 36 from both sides X2-20 = 8x X2-8x-20=0 I will use to solve the function by factoring using the zero factor. (x-) (x+) the coefficient of x2 Application and selection from the following (-2, 10: -10,2: -5,4; -4, -5) In this case, it seems that I am going to use -10 and 2 is as per how the expression looks like this (x-10)(x+2)=0 X-10=0 or x+2=0 creation of a complex equation x=10 or x=-2 these are the two probable resolutions to this equation.                   One of the two calculated solutions is an extraneous solutions, as it do not work with such sceneries. The remaining solution I only have is (X=10) as the number of paces Ahmed and Vanessa have to accomplish to find the lost treasure. As a result the treasure is 10 paces to the north 2x+4 connect the 10, now its 2(10)+4=24 paces to the east of Castle Rock, or 2x+6= 2(10)+6=26 paces from Castle Rock. Financial polynomial                   For the case of financial polynomials, I have first to write the polynomial without the parenthesis. Following the above, I have to solve for p= 2000 + r = 10% for part A and then solve for p= $5670 + r = 3.5% for part B, without the parenthesis as follows: P + P r + P r2/4 (the original polynomial) to reach this I followed the following steps: (1 + r/2)2 This is because it looks as if it is foil P(1 + r/2) P (1+r/2)(1+r/2) After the two equations I combine like terms. Because I am multiplying by 2 on r/2, it cancels out both 2’s and I then get left with is r as follows; P(1+ r/2 + r/2 + r2/4) P(1 + 2(r/2) + r2/4) I then write in descending order (P + Pr + Pr2) To solve for P=2000 and r=10% the following follows; P + Pr + Pr2/4 2000 + 2000 Ãâ€"(0.10) +2000Ãâ€" 0.1024 2000 + 200 + 5 = $2205 P(1+ r/2)2 2000Ãâ€"( 1 + .10)2 2000Ãâ€"(1.05)2 2000Ãâ€"( 1.1025) = $2205 For part B I will solve for P=5670 and r= 3.5% P + Pr + P Ãâ€"(r2/4) 5670 + 5670Ãâ€" (0.035) + 5670 Ãâ€" 0.0352 5670 + 198.45 + 1.7364375 = 5870.1864375 This is approximately ($5870.19) The problem 70 on page 311 has the following steps; (-9Ãâ€"3 + 3Ãâ€"2 – 15x) à · (-3x) The Dividend is (-9Ãâ€"3 + 3Ãâ€"2 – 15x), and the Divisor is (-3x). The Dividend is (-9Ãâ€"3 + 3Ãâ€"2 – 15x), and the Divisor is (-3x). -9Ãâ€"3 + 3Ãâ€"2 – 15x -3xAfter I divide -9 by -3 which equals +3. The x on the bottom cancels the x from the top. -9Ãâ€"3 + 3Ãâ€"2 – 15x -3x -3x -3x -9* x*x* x I am now left with 3Ãâ€"2 for the first part of the polynomial. -3 * x -9*x *x * x -3 * x I first divide 3 by -3, which equals -1 and the x from the bottom cancels out one of the x’s from the top. -9Ãâ€"3 + 3Ãâ€"2 – 15x -3x -3x -3x 3 *x *x At this point I am left with -1x, which simplifies to just –x, as the second part of the polynomial. Then -3 *x 3 *x * x -3 * x Then I divide -15 by -3, which equals positive 5, and the x on the bottom cancels out the x on the top, so you do not have any x’s to carry onto the answer of the equation. -9Ãâ€"3 + 3Ãâ€"2 – 15x -3x -3x -3x -15 *x At this point I am left with only 5 for the last part of the polynomial, and the answer is 3Ãâ€"2 – x + 5. -3 * x -15 * x -3 * x                   The negative sign from the -3 x changes the plus sign in the equation to a minus sign, it changes the minus sign to a plus sign in the final answer, and the equation is in Descending order. Reference Larson, R., & Hostetler, R. P. (2009). Elementary and intermediate algebra. Boston, Mass: Houghton Mifflin Source document

Celta Assignment- Lesson from the Classroom

We are almost half way through the CELTA course and it is admirable that all of us have had such a tremendous growth curve. Personally, I know I have become much more confident about standing in front of a classroom full of students and talking about different aspects of English language. I discovered the very first day that it was important to establish a good rapport with the students and be comfortable talking with them.I learned it was also important to engage students in conversation rather than assume the role of a traditional teacher. When Guy commented on September 13, after my first lesson, that I established a good rapport with the students and marked my performance on â€Å"building/maintaining a good rapport† above the standard, I felt more comfortable from the second lesson onwards. I think I also did well in class management from the beginning. I made sure I kept all students involved in the ongoing activity.In the third week, Guy as well as my peers commented th at I dealt well with the student arriving late, and also another student asking a question which I did not know the answer to but confidant enough to use my ipad to search for the correct answer and gave it to her. I think my class management skills have only improved since then. Also on October 4, my forth lesson, Gui wrote: â€Å"well done† in the additional notes on my ability to focus accurately and clearly on specific lexis and grammar (meaning, form, phonology) and to include effective use of the white board or other visual support.Guy also commented on my first lesson TP feedback that I did a good job explaining some difficult lexis i. e. effortless, lean meat†¦ I think I have developed adequate skills to teach lexis. (300) I haven't done a very good job at providing productive practice to students because I don't time my lessons too well. During my first and third lesson, students didn't have enough time for speaking or even practicing the grammar thought at the end of the lesson.In my TP feedback on September 13, Guy suggested that I should give students a â€Å"restrict time limit† to avoid wasting so much time on every task. Gui also commented in my TP feedback from my third lesson, on September 27, that although I was able to contextualize well but not economically and consequently not enough time for even a controlled practice. However, I feel the area I really need to develop and work on in future is my lesson planning. Since the beginning of the course, I have never felt comfortable with my lesson plans and it has not improved yet.The lack of detailed information is still there, even in my latest lesson plan. I’ve been advised by both Guy and Gui to include more information in my plans about analyzing the language used in each lesson and identifying potential problems and how to respond to them. Another area that I am very self-conscious of is my own oral and written language. I am not an English native speaker and I co nstantly think that I may use inaccurate language when I am speaking in the class.As Guy has drawn my attention to this point in my stage one progress record on September 22, I need to provide accurate and appropriate models of both oral and written language in the classroom. (270) I must add that I have gained a lot by observing both experienced and CELTA trainee teachers. I think I have gained most by observing my CELTA colleagues. I have learnt from their mistakes and picked up many good techniques from them. Observing Guy in the first week of the class was a big bonus. He was so much at ease in class, so much at home.He made the students feel comfortable and involved his Intermediate English students in the process of teaching and learning. His lesson thought me it is very important to have an interesting lead in and connect it smoothly into the main aim of the lesson. It was also great to observe Hayley because it showed how exciting a grammar practice can be to students. Hayle y prepared a police-thief game for the students to investigate a crime using present perfect tense. I found it a very effective method of practicing the language for students and at the same time they enjoyed speaking English.I learned about collocation when I observed John’s and Martina’s lesson on lexis. John allowed the students to speak about different types of relationships and elicited the words that go side by side together such as: ‘married to’ or ‘mother-in-law’. Martina also did the same with eliciting the focus lexis which were comparative and superlative adjectives. Observing James made me realize the effect of proper use of voice when he used his firm voice to say: ‘liar’ while instructing a complicated game. (250) Total word count: 820

Meaning Behind the Phrase to Cross the Rubicon

Meaning Behind the Phrase to Cross the Rubicon To cross the Rubicon is a metaphor which means to take an irrevocable step that commits one to a specific course. When Julius Caesar was about to cross the tiny Rubicon River in 49 B.C.E., he quoted from a play by Menander to say anerriphtho kybos! or let the die be cast in Greek. But what kind of die was Caesar casting and what decision was he making? Before the Roman Empire Before Rome was an Empire, it was a Republic. Julius Caesar was a general of an army of the Republic, based in the north of what is now Northern Italy. He expanded the borders of the Republic into modern France, Spain, and Britain, making him a popular leader. His popularity, however, led to tensions with other powerful Roman leaders. Having successfully led his troops in the north, Julius Caesar became governor of Gaul, part of modern-day France. But his ambitions were not satisfied. He wanted to enter Rome itself at the head of an army. Such as act was forbidden by law. At the Rubicon When Julius Caesar led his troops from Gaul in January of 49 B.C.E., he paused on the northern end of a bridge. As he stood, he debated whether or not to cross the  Rubicon, a river separating  Cisalpine Gaul- the piece of land where Italy joins the mainland and at the time inhabited by Celts- from the Italian peninsula.  When he was making this decision, Caesar was contemplating committing a heinous crime. If Caesar brought his troops from Gaul into Italy, he would be violating his role as a provincial authority and would essentially be declaring himself an enemy of the state and the Senate, fomenting civil war. But if he  didnt  bring his troops into Italy, Caesar would be forced to relinquish his command and likely be forced into exile, giving up his military glory and ending his political future. Caesar definitely debated for a while about what to do. He realized how important his decision was, especially since Rome had already undergone a ​civil dispute  a few decades earlier. According to Suetonius, Caesar quipped, Even yet we may drawback, but once cross yon little bridge, and the whole issue is with the sword.  Plutarch reports that he spent time with his friends estimating the great evils of all mankind which would follow their passage of the river and the wide fame of it which they would leave to posterity.   The Die Is Cast The Roman historian Plutarch reported that at this critical moment of decision Caesar declared in Greek and in a loud voice, let the die be cast! and then led his troops across the river. Plutarch renders the phrase in Latin, of course, as alea iacta est or iacta alea est. A die is simply one of a pair of dice. Even in Roman times, gambling games with dice were popular. Just as it is today, once youve cast (or thrown) the dice, your fate is decided. Even before the dice land, your future has been foretold. Let the die be cast itself is an expression meaning roughly let the game begin, and it comes from a play called Arrhephoros (the Flute Girl), a comedy written by the Greek playwright Menander in the 4th century B.C.E. Menander was one of Caesars favorite dramatists.   When Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon, he started a five-year Roman civil war. At the wars end, Julius Caesar was declared dictator for life. As dictator, Caesar presided over the end of the Roman Republic and the start of the Roman Empire. Upon Julius Caesars death, his adopted son Augustus became Romes first emperor. The Roman Empire started in 31 B.C.E. and lasted until 476 C.E. Therefore, by crossing the Rubicon into Gaul and starting the war, Caesar threw the dice, not only sealing his own political future but effectively ending the Roman Republic and beginning the Roman Empire.

My Food Essays

My Food Essays My Food Essay My Food Essay Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: My Food One of the restaurants that I attended is Desi Work, which is an Indian restaurant. It is located in 3966 South Hudson Avenue at Oklahoma in India. It operates daily, and the opening hour is at 11am and closing time is at 10pm. Desi Work has branded itself as a casual Asian dinner and there is a kind of self-descriptive language, which was generally reserved for the Pei Weis. They serve a variety of food including the chili chicken that absolutely swims in some sort of lucid and goopy sauce. The Indo-Chinese cuisine is usually served with rice or noodles depending on the customer’s choice. Other cuisines include Manchurian, vindloo, maschao soup and chicken Tikka masala, which is the common food served in Indian restaurants (Desi Work, 2011). The atmosphere in Desi Work Indian restaurant seems not to be enthusiastic as compared to when the original owners had it but the quality of food is good. However, they offer varieties of Indian and Asian cuisines in huge portions at a reasonable price compared to Tokyo Gardens Japanese restaurant, which is a bit expensive. In addition, there is no expectation of elegant surroundings or a great atmosphere. Moreover, one needs to order at the counter for the food is brought to the table. The restaurant does not have much decor and the Formica blue marble. It has wood with red vinyl cushions together bizarre tiles, which are so fabulous. Most of the ethnic groups found in this restaurant are the Indians and Asians. The restaurant has a layout of a ludicrous way but the food and services that they provide are actually exceptional. My favorite food is chili chicken but I decided to take two recipes of cuisines. One is Bombay combo bowl, which is a mixture of rice and noodle dish served depending on the customer’s choice. The second recipe I chose is the chicken Tikka masala, which is popular Indian food served with cumin rice in many restaurants. I wanted to try something else but chicken Tikka masala is so delicious and the customers are allowed to choose three different levels of spices, to suit their plates. The first spice is cold, medium and another one is hot. One is allowed to order one of these spices with the type of recipe he or she prefers. Therefore, I decided to choose chicken Tikka masala with hot spice of carrot, potatoes and peas served with rice (Colyer, Pratap and Arcot 124). The Bombay combo bowl is a mixture of fried rice and noodles mixed with fried vegetables with some omelet on top. The chicken Tikka masala is a chicken breast marinated in tomato and cream based sauce. It is served with cumin rice or vegetables. Tikka masala is similar to a tomato spiced gravy sauce with marinated chicken, which is served with long grain rice and traditional naan food. Naan is grilled flat bread, which is made from the white flour. The ingredients found in chicken Tikka masala include tomatoes, turmeric seeds, garlic, spice, cumin seeds, and ground red chili and coriander seeds. Each of these ingredients has their own healing property or a healthy supporting action to human beings. Nevertheless, they create flavor harmony and the texture contrast defines the traditional Indian curries linked to health benefits. Researchers have found that turmeric seeds play a vital role in slowing down Alzheimer diseases from progressing. Yance and Stephen Sagar (10) reveal that turmeric seeds are essential because they help in controlling diseases such as arthritis and clinical diseases. Turmeric has been used as medicine for gastrointestinal discomfort together with irritable bowel syndrome and diseases of digestive problems. It strengthens cartilage and bones when taken raw. Consequently, cumin seeds have been praised not only for adding iron to the body but also with their potential for cancer prevention and for helping in food digestion process. Many mechanisms have been considered including antioxidant activity and anti-angiogenesis in preventing new blood vessels growth and direct effects on cancer cells. Turmeric has been used for a long time as a traditional Asian medicine for treating gastrointestinal upset, relieving arthritic pain and lowering energy in the body. The Indians use turmeric for tr eating stomach problems such as fatty meal indigestion (Valentine, 2009). Another restaurant that I attended is Tokyo Gardens Japanese restaurant. It is one of the best restaurants found in Japan. It is located in 4020S Memorial Dr East Avenue. The operating time is from 5pm to 9.30pm from Monday to Thursday. From Friday to Saturday, the operating period is from 5pm to 10pm but on Sunday, it is from 5pm to 9pm. Their number one goal is to make customer’s dining a memorable and enjoyable experience. They cook food of the highest quality, offer friendly services, clean environment and the atmosphere is unique. In their Teppanyaki dining room where their performing chefs organize customer’s meals at the table, fresh ingredients with natural flavors assure customers of their health conscious cooking without forgoing test, flavor or quality. The restaurant serves common food such as negri, sushi, sashimi, hand roll and maki sushi rolls (Tokyo Garden 2011). The atmosphere at Tokyo Garden restaurant is cool and the wall surrounding the restaurant is redone. The interior art seems to have stepped up in class and the place has some sweet music heard from a far distance. They play good music such as hip-hop, blues and they have a big flat screen television always showing games. It has very many seats that can be used by many people. The place is good for office parties because of its surrounding with fresh air from the surrounding flowers planted outside the compound. It does not appear big from outside but it is clean and spacious from the inside (Brodowsky, Neil Granitz, and Beverlee 3). At Tokyo Garden restaurant, they have a variety of delicious items so after reading their menu, I decided to choose calamari roll, which is one of Sushi special roll with spices such as cucumber, avocado, asparagus and fried calamari. Another Sushi roll that I took is spicy Tuna roll, which is the popular food in the globe made out of raw fish. The food is delicious but the price is so expensive. The staff members are so friendly and the food is served quiet and quickly. The ingredients found in spicy tuna roll include spicy sauce, chopped tuna, cucumber and radish sprouts. At Tokyo Garden restaurant, they believe that a good dining experience will truly delight their customers thus they serve their customers healthy food. The ingredients found in spicy tuna roll are vital in healing and supporting health. The study indicates that an ingredient such as spicy sauce is considered a vital source of dietary fiber, iron and magnesium that promotes health. Fish is vital for people who are trying to lose their weight because it has additives that can reduce the amount calories in their body. Consequently, chopped tuna is essential for those people who want low calorie foods. This is because it helps in weight reduction thus chances of getting diseases such as obesity is very low. Tuna is good for health but the ingredients used for preparation maybe somehow having high calories (SteadyHealth.com, 2011). The amount of calories found in chopped tuna is approximated to be 290, which is quite reasonable for good health. In addition, the amount of calories found in chopped tuna such as 26 grams of carbohydrates and 3.5 grams of dietary fibers are essential in weight reduction. Those people who are suffering from obesity are advised to take spicy tuna rolls. Obesity increases many diseases such as cancer, high blood pressure and sleeping sickness. Thus, the Japanese believe that by taking nutritious food such spicy tuna roll, they will be able to overcome problems of obesity. This is because this food makes one to reduce weight for it has low fats and enough calories essential for health body. Spicy tuna roll contains many proteins, which is approximately 24 grams. Consequently, it has 560 mg of sodium when packed but the fresh have 23mg, hence believed for their effectiveness in promoting health (Yance and Stephen Sagar 27). Brodowsky, Glen, Neil Granitz, and Beverlee Anderson. â€Å"The Best of Times Is Now.† Time Society. 17 (2008): 2-3. Print. Colyer, C G. B, S W. Pratap, and J Arcot. â€Å"Nutrient Composition of Indian Restaurant Foods.† Food Australia : Official Journal of Cafta and Aifst. 49.3 (2000): 124. Print. Desi Work. Indian Asian Grill. Web. July 22, 2011 SteadyHealth.com. Spicy tuna roll calories. April 3, 2011. Web. July 22, 2011 Tokyo Garden. Japanese Steak, Seafood and Sushi Bar. Web. July 22, 2011 Valentine, S. â€Å"Best Food, Nutrition and Health Student of 2008.† Nutrition Bulletin. 34.1 (2009). Print. Yance, Donald, and Stephen Sagar. â€Å"Targeting Angiogenesis with Integrative Cancer Therapies.† Integrative Cancer Therapies. 5.1 (2006): 9-29. Print.

Period Goes Inside Quotation Marks

Period Goes Inside Quotation Marks Period Goes Inside Quotation Marks Period Goes Inside Quotation Marks By Maeve Maddox Derrick Grant writes: Ive always been perplexed on whether the period goes inside the quotations or outside, when the sentence is not quoting someone. For example: They didnt describe it as a budget cut, they called it streamlining services. Does the period go inside the quote or outside? Ive seen it, in professional publications, done both ways, leading me to think that both are correct; however, I have the ALWAYS put a period INSIDE the quotes statement burned into my head from my old English high school teacher. If both methods are correct, Im inclined to think putting it outside the quotes, in the above example, looks more appropriate. Thoughts? The two most popular U.S. authorities agree with Derricks high school English teacher. AP Style book: Periods always go inside quotation marks. p 361 Chicago Manual of Style: Periods and commas precede closing quotation marks, whether double or single. This is a traditional style, in use well before the first edition of this manual (1906) Section 6:8 The CMS goes on to describe exceptions for textual studies and British usage, but for practical purposes, writers of American English can go with the ALWAYS put a period INSIDE the quotes mantra. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Bare or Bear With Me?15 Words for Household Rooms, and Their SynonymsEbook, eBook, ebook or e-book?

Hawaii Lodging & Tourism Association Research Paper - 1

Hawaii Lodging & Tourism Association - Research Paper Example nolulu offers a number of historical monuments and vibrant activities which include the King Kamehameha I Statue and the Iolani Palace meant for tourists attraction. The region is made up of several ethnic communities and cultural practices that forms a major attraction to tourists and visitors in Oahu Island. The people are very welcoming to visitors which makes it an ideal place for camping and leisure activities. Some of the hotels in the region include Ala Moana Hotel, The Modern Honolulu, Hawaii Prince Hotel Waikiki, Pagoda Hotel, Airport Honolulu Hotel, Waikiki Gateway Hotel, Hilton Hawaiian Village Waikiki Beach Resort among others. The hotels have specialized in various activities and dining sets which makes them stand out from one another. Local dishes can be found along the Kapahulu Avenue. The rates of the guestrooms can be obtained through online booking services such as Booking.com, TripAdvisor, Hotels.com and Expedia. Guests are offered with several shopping options due to many shopping outlets located in Oahu. The open air markets deal with bargain souvenirs and local produce. The Aloha Tower is known to be selling art and crafts items. Waikele premium outlets offers a wide range of big brands at discounted prices. Ala Moana shopping center has distinguished itself as the main family shopping center as it has a number of outlets that specialize on items that fit every family that visits the region (Mak, 2004). Quick movement around the facilities is facilitated by rental cars which offers the best form of transportation around the island. Another attractive event that guest should experience in the region of Oahu is the Luau which is a Hawaiian party accompanied with the areas traditional foods, music and cultural display. As a result of these factors, Oahu which means The Gathering Place offers the best destination for the association to carry out its activities. The Ala Moana Hotel is based in Honolulu in the state of Hawaii. The specific